ECAS Knowledge Centre

The ECAS Knowledge Centre is an online collection of resources on two broad themes: EU Rights and Civic Engagement in Europe. It aims to help civil society campaigners, researchers, analysts, academics, advisors, policy makers and interested citizens navigate the large amount of information available in a user-friendly manner. It offers easy access to research, case studies, evaluations, papers, issue briefs, toolkits and more on the following topics:

Freedom of Movement in the EU
European Citizens' Initiative (ECI)
Crowdsourcing

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Fiscal Impact of EU Migrants in Austria, Germany, the Netherlands and the UK

November 12, 2014

This study was undertaken to estimate some aspects of the net fiscal impact of EU migrants in four EU countries Austria, Germany, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom. The report outlines the role of Fiscal Impact of EU Migrants in Selected Countries migrants from EU countries as participants in the labour market, as taxpayers and as benefit recipients also. The fiscal contribution of EU foreigners has increased substantially in the past several years. Compared to 2009, inn 2013 EU migrants paid 31% more in direct taxes as their wages increased and more EU workers found employment opportunities in Austria, Germany, the Netherlands, and the UK. As migration accelerated, EU foreigners also paid 44% more on indirect taxes, as they spent more onconsumer purchases. EU foreigners in Austria, Germany, the Netherlands and the UK received 35% more benefits than they did in 2009, due to the overall expansion of the welfare state in addition to the inflow of EU migrants.

EU Rights: Freedom of Movement in the EU

Expulsion and EU Citizenship

September 3, 2018

Although EU citizenship is described as destined to become the fundamental status of the nationals of the Member States, EU law allows the expulsion of EU citizens and their family members from their host Member State, if certain conditions are met. The working paper is divided into three parts. Part I starts by looking at the relationship between EU citizenship and expulsion in the context of Directive 2004/38 and its underlying understanding of citizenship as incremental acquisition of rights. It then goes to discuss the trend toward restrictive interpretations of the notions of public policy and public security. Finally, the first part questions the manner in which the Court of Justice has relied on fundamental rights considerations in its expulsion and EU citizenship case law. The second part of the working paper focuses on the national level. It starts byidentifying an implementation and information gap in relation to the exercise of free movement rights by EU citizens. A closer look at what happens in practice in Belgium, the UK and Italy highlights the problematic use of expulsion at the Member States level to deal not only with criminal behavior but increasinglyto remove and detain EU citizens who fail to meet the residence conditions set out in Directive 2004/38. The use of entry bans in Germany and the UK is also briefly addressed. The final part places expulsion in relation to Brexit and questions the relevance of EU citizenship as offering increased protection.

EU Rights: Freedom of Movement in the EU

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